Select the Right Varistors for Overvoltage Circuit Protection | 19mm Momentary Push Button

Creepage to the mounting screws is one issue and that fuse crowed by traces at mains potential is just bad design.

In this case, multiply the number of times you charged the car by 8.9 kWh for a low estimate of electric power consumed. For a better estimate, you need to know what the battery charging losses are. It takes more than 8.9 kWh to charge an 8.9 kWh battery – some of the power gets lost to heat. I can’t find authoritative data, but posters on Tesla forums claiming to have measured this report losses between 10 and 20%. If you assume it’s 15%, then it’ll take 8.9 / (1 – .15) = 10.5 kWh to charge the Niro’s battery.

And even today people give the advice of plugging a computer in the wall and grabbing the metal case as you’re working inside it. Bad idea – if the PSU has failed, you may very well have live voltages in the boards.

I am not going to go right into the above calculations as there are plenty of graphs and tables out the on the net that you can google for. Example – http://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/22796/creepage-distance-for-pcbs-handling-line-voltage-ac, http://www.smps.us/pcbtracespacing.html

Oh… As for power meter… OpenEVSE II – my own take on OpenEVSE – has an isolated voltmeter and an ammeter in it. There’s development firmware being worked on right now that keeps a running kW-hr log on the display. Very handy.

Sorry.. gotta disagree here. I’m sure L1 charging can work for some people who don’t drive very much. But people who buy an EV thinking they are going to be able to do everything using the 120V EVSE are going to wind up ver dissatisfied with their EV owning experience. When you get buy a 240V unit from clipper creek for $300 these days, plus maybe a few hundred for electrical work, there is really no excuse not to get this done in most cases.

I did find the small body and grip a little problematic when shooting with a long or heavy lens, though: I spent quite a bit of time with the excellent Sony 70-200mm f/2.8 mounted on the camera, and did experience some wrist fatigue by the end of the day. Since the camera is capable of very fast live autofocus during video recording, I often found myself wanting to zoom during the recording, something that would be anathema on a conventional video-capable SLR. Doing so required that I carry more of the weight of the lens/camera assembly on my right hand, so my left could operate the zoom ring more smoothly. The result was a lot of weight for my right wrist to carry, and the small grip made it more difficult than otherwise. When shooting normally with smaller lenses, though, I never found the grip uncomfortable.

Translucent mirror (redux). As noted previously, adopting a translucent mirror design has allowed Sony important benefits in terms of autofocus, burst shooting, and body size, and conceivably the removal of one more mechanical component could improve camera reliability, as well. There’s no such thing as a free lunch, though, and the translucent mirror design does have some clear disadvantages as compared to existing SLR and SLD designs. Perhaps most significantly, light entering the lens is shared between the autofocus and image sensors at a fixed ratio. In the Sony A33, about 70% of the light makes it to the imaging sensor, while 30% is reflected to the autofocus module. With a traditional SLR, all the incoming light arrives at the image sensor once the mirror is raised, and the same is true of an SLD camera whenever its shutter is open. With less light arriving at the sensor for an equivalent aperture, a translucent mirror camera must either lower its shutter speed, raise its sensitivity (and along with this, the levels of noise, or the amount processing to mitigate it), or some combination of both. An increase in sensor gain to compensate for the loss may explain why we see slightly higher noise levels from the A33 versus the A560, which share the same sensor.

Look and feel. Although it lacks the reflex mirror of an SLR, having replaced it with a fixed translucent mirror, the basic shape of the Sony SLT-A33 still follows that of a traditional SLR fairly closely. That’s because, since it accepts the same Alpha lenses as Sony’s DSLRs, the Sony A33 also has to accommodate the same backfocus distance, which is one of the main contributors to the size — and especially, the depth — of an SLR camera. Removing the reflex mirror still provides potential for space and weight savings, and Sony has taken good advantage of this. Most obviously, the drive mechanism that raises and lowers the reflex mirror in a traditional SLR isn’t needed. The translucent mirror design also provides other opportunities to optimize component placement. As one example of this, Sony has increased the angle of the translucent mirror, so that instead of directing light directly upward at a 90 degree angle as it would for a viewfinder prism, it is actually angled upward and slightly forward, allowing the autofocus sensor to be moved forward, providing more room for the electronic viewfinder assembly directly to the rear.

My post outlines the PME system. There are older systems that do run an earth / ground but they are being removed as and when they need attention. The US system is different but the number of countries using the US system is much less than the number of countries that use a similar system to the UK. I am UK based and UK trained.

This isn’t the first occasion that Flake has threatened to withhold his support for judicial nominees. He did something similar before to prompt consideration of a measure on tariffs, though he ultimately relented after the Senate voted on a purely symbolic effort.

When I’m doing electrical work, I *always* short the conductors to verify no power (after flipping the breaker and testing with a meter). Better safe than sorry.